ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Voice is a form of the verb. It shows whether the subject does something or has something done to it.
Active Voice: The verb is said to be in the Active voice when the subject represents the doer.
Passive Voice: The verb is said to be in the Passive Voice when the subject represents the person or thing that has something done to him or it.
Changes: Active voice into Passive voice
1. Object to Subject
2. Add 'be' form
3. Past participle form(v3)of the verb
4. Add the preposition 'by'
5. Subject to Object
Active Voice Passive Voice
1.Simple present(v1) am/is/are
(give, gives) am/is/are+given
2. Simple Past(v2) was/were
(gave) was/were given
3. Simple future be
(will/shall+V1)
4.Continuos(V1.ing) being
am/is/are+v1.ing am/is/are+being+given
was/were+v1.ing was/were+being+given
5.Perfect been
(have/has/had+v3) has/have+been+given
has/have+given had been given
had given
6.Imperative sentence be(start with "let")
(without subject)
7. Please You are requested to
AV PV
I me
We us
You you
He him
She her
It it
I. When the verb in the active voice takes two objects, the direct and the indirect objects, either object may become the subject of the passive voice.
Eg: She gave me a pen. (AV)
I was given a pen by her.(PV)
A pen was given (to)me by her(PV)
II. Only transitive verbs have active and passive forms. Intransitive verbs do not have passive form. When a sentence is changed from active voice to passive voice, the object of the transitive verb moves to the subject position.
AV: He wrote some poems in English.
PV: Some poems were written in English by him.
AV: He published them in a magazine.
PV: They were published in a magazine
AV: Everybody appreciated them.
PV: They were appreciated by everybody
III. The subject of the active verb is made the object in the passive sentence. The preposition 'by' is added before it. It should be remembered that the 'by-object' need not be mentioned if the agent is not known or important.
AV: The chief Minister inaugurated the exhibition
PV: The exhibition was inaugurated by the Chief Minister.
AV: Somebody broke the door
PV: The door was broken by somebody
Examples
1. He will make all the arrangements(AV)
All the arrangements will be mady by him(PV)
2. The judge declared the verdict
The verdict was declared by the judge
3. Please maintain silence in the prayer hall
You are requested to maintain silence in the prayer hall.
4. The teacher is explaining the lesson.
The lesson is being explained by the teacher
5. The postman will deliver the letters
The letters will be delivered by the postman
Examples:
1. Mohan took my pen
My pen was taken by Mohan
2. I will invite Krishna
Krishna will be invited
3. I sent a telegram to Ashok
A telegram was sent to Ashok
4. Venu broke the mirror
The mirror was broken by Venu
5. All love him.
He is loved by all
6. Who wrote this poem.
By whom was the poem written?
7. Who took my bicycle?
By whom was my bicycle taken?
8. Tell him to go
Let him be told to go
9. Please help the poor
You are requested to help the poor
10. Declare the result
Let the result be declared
11. Let me see the picture
Let the picture be seen.
12. Do it now.
Let it be done now
13. The judge found him guilty of murder.
He was found guilty of murder by the judge
14. We elected him Chairman
He was elected Chairman by them
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